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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Agriculture on the prehistoric Great Plains ： ウィキペディア英語版 Agriculture on the prehistoric Great Plains Agriculture on the prehistoric Great Plains describes the agriculture of the Indian peoples of the Great Plains of the United States and southern Canada in the Pre-Columbian era and before extensive contact with European explorers, which in most areas occurred by 1750. The principal crops grown by Indian farmers were maize (corn), beans, and squash, including pumpkins. Sunflowers, goosefoot,〔Minnis 262〕 tobacco,〔Minnis 303〕 gourds, and plums, were also grown. Evidence of agriculture is found in all Central Plains complexes. Archaeological sites in Nebraska reveal cultivated crops such as little barley (''Hordeum pusillum''), sunflowers (''Helianthus annuus''), goosefoot (''Chenopodium berlandieri''), marshelder (''Iva annua''), and maize (''Zea mays'').〔Minnis 305〕 Tribes periodically switched from farming to hunting throughout their history during the Village period,〔Minnis 301〕 AD 950–1850. ==Environment== The primary constraint on agriculture on the Great Plains is that precipitation is often deficient for growing maize, the primary crop of Indian farmers. In addition, on the northern Great Plains the growing season is short. Agriculture on the Plains seems to have had an ebb and flow, advancing westward into the drier areas in favorable wet periods and retreating in drier periods. The periodic abundance or scarcity of bison was also a factor in human settlements on the plains. The animal was an important food resource for Plains people. The Great Plains are often looked upon by anthropologists as a cultural backwater, derivative of societies in the eastern woodlands or the American Southwest. Contrary to that opinion, the Plains in the late prehistoric and proto-historic period (roughly AD 1400 to 1750) attracted migrants from both east and west. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agriculture on the prehistoric Great Plains」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.